Keywords
Children
TB Screening
GeneXpert
Interventions
How to Cite
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) in children remains a significant global health concern, with many cases going undiagnosed. Mortality rates due to TB among children continue to rise, particularly in high-burden countries such as Ethiopia and South Africa.
Purpose: This study aims to review various approaches and interventions that have been implemented to address the pediatric TB epidemic and assess their overall impact on child health.
Methods: This study utilized Boolean terms, and a systematic literature search was conducted across several databases, including ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar.
Results: Diagnosis is often delayed due to non-specific symptoms and the difficulty of laboratory confirmation. While GeneXpert Ultra has improved detection accuracy, it has not fully addressed the diagnostic challenges.
Conclusion: Findings indicate that screening and preventive treatment interventions are highly effective in improving child health outcomes. Although new diagnostic tools such as GeneXpert Ultra show great potential, significant challenges in the detection and management of pediatric TB remain. This review highlights the importance of a holistic approach to bridging the gaps in TB detection and treatment in children.
References
Andas, A. M., Harahap, D., Purnamasari, A., & Prima, A. (2022). Effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) to improve the sleep quality of the elderly in hospital. International Journal of Health Sciences, 1669–1678. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS4.6320
Andas, A. M., Romantika, I. W., Silaswati, S., Prima, A., Purnamasari, A., & Lisnawati, L. (2024). Determinants Of Loneliness, Resilience, And Mental Health In Elderly Patients At Long Term Care In Jakarta: Loneliness, Resilience, And Mental Health. INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCES RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (IJHSRD), 6(2), 63–73. https://doi.org/10.36566/ijhsrd/Vol6.Iss2/251
Basile, F. W., Nabeta, P., Ruhwald, M., Rinn, A. L., & Mines, C. (2022). Diagnostik Tuberkulosis Anak: Sekarang dan Masa Depan. 11(Tambahan 3), 85–93.
Battagliaa, C. S. P., Alice, A., Ibiapina, A., Luiza, R. R., & Aurilioa, R. B. (2025). Kontribusi diagnostik GeneXpert Ultra pada tuberkulosis paru pediatrik. 51(1), 1–6.
Brooks, M. B., Dubois, M. M., Malik, A. A., Ahmed, J. F., Siddiqui, S., Khan, S., Brohi, M., Valecha, T. Das, Amanullah, F., Becerra, M. C., & Hussain, H. (2022). Age-specific effectiveness of a tuberculosis screening intervention in children. PLoS ONE, 17(2 February), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264216
Brough, J., Martinez, L., Hatherill, M., Zar, H. J., Lo, N. C., & Andrews, J. R. (2023). Public Health Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Screening for Active Tuberculosis Disease or Infection Among Children in South Africa. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 77(11), 1544–1551. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciad449
Burusie, A., Enquesilassie, F., Salazar-Austin, N., & Addissie, A. (2023). Epidemiology of childhood tuberculosis and predictors of death among children on tuberculosis treatment in central Ethiopia: An extended Cox model challenged survival analysis. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16183-9
Diel, R., Meywald-walter, K., Schwarzbach, K., & Dreyer, V. (2023). Machine Translated by Google Kedokteran Pernapasan Penelitian Asli Risiko penularan tuberkulosis pada anak-anak di Hamburg , Jerman. 209.
Hadju, L., Said, F. M., Nambiar, N., Purnamasari, A., & Lisnawati, L. (2024). Exploring The Influence Of The QSEN Model On Patient Safety: Insights From Hospitals In Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. Journal of Scientific Research in Medical and Biological Sciences, 5(4). https://doi.org/10.47631/jsrmbs.v5i4.844
Howard-Jones, A. R., & Marais, B. J. (2020). Tuberculosis in children: Screening, diagnosis and management. Current Opinion in Pediatrics, 32(3), 395–404. https://doi.org/10.1097/MOP.0000000000000897
I. Putu Sudayasa, Dhesi Ari Astuti, Rita Gusmiati, I. Wayan Romantika, Nurjannah Nurjannah, Farming Farming, Anisa Purnamasari, Wahidah Rohmawati, Indah Putri Ramadhanti, Tuti Oktriani, Mien Mien, Wa Ode Aisa Zoahira, Kartini Kartini, & Samsuddin Samsuddin. (2022). Pengantar Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (Haryati Haryati, Wa Ode Syahrani Hajri, Sriyana Herman, & Juminten Saimin, Eds.). Eureka Media Aksara.
Martinez, L., Gray, D. M., Botha, M., Nel, M., Chaya, S., Jacobs, C., Workman, L., Nicol, M. P., & Zar, H. J. (2023). The Long-Term Impact of Early-Life Tuberculosis Disease on Child Health: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 207(8), 1080–1088. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202208-1543OC
Mokodompit, H. K. N., Arinta, I., Faiza, E. I., Soraya, D., Setiawati, Y., Armini, L. N., Purnamasari, A., Hidayat, S. A., Damry, N. M., Sahrianti S, N., Jauharoh, S. N. A., Alfiandari, A. D., Baranafe, P. S., Seftianingtyas, W. N., Aminuddin, N. M., Darwanty, J., & Qiyaam, N. (2025). Ilmu Kesehatan Anak. Media Sains Indonesia.
Purnamasari, A., Saragih, H., Pannyiwi, R., & Makualaina, F. N. (2024). Empowering Students in Improving Knowledge of Healthy Toothbrushing Techniques in The Use of The Tongue Scraper. International Journal of Health Sciences, 2(2), 687–695. https://doi.org/10.59585/ijhs.v2i2.362
Purnamasari, A., Zoahira, W. O. A., Zahalim, Z., Said, A., Fety, Y., & Pongdatu, M. (2023, December 16). Impact Of Covid-19 On The Mental Health Of School Children Using The Children Depression Inventory (CDI) Instrument: Mental Health Of School Children. https://ijhsrd.com/index.php/ijhsrd/article/view/177
Rebecca Helena Holmes. (2022). Penatalaksanaan Infeksi Tuberkulosis di Anak-anak di era Victoria: Audit klinis retrospektif tentang faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi penyelesaian pengobata. Ilmiah, 11(3).
Schaaf, H. S., & Hughes, J. (2024). Pengobatan Tuberkulosis Resisten Obat pada Anak Saat Ini. 91(Agustus), 806–816.
Wahyuni, S, Purnamasari, A, Said, F. M, & Nambiar, N. (2022). Effectiveness of Occupational Therapy on Improving Eating Independence in School Age Children With Down Syndrome at Kendari Autism Service Center, Indonesia. https://openurl.ebsco.com/EPDB%3Agcd%3A11%3A20672043/detailv2?sid=ebsco%3Aplink%3Ascholar&id=ebsco%3Agcd%3A155092877&crl=c&link_origin=www.google.com
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nursing Genius Journal